The Ford Zephyr is a car that was manufactured by Ford of Britain from to Initially it was sold as a more powerful six-cylinder model to complement the four-cylinder Ford Consul and from the Zephyr itself was offered in both four- and six-cylinder versions, the Consul having been discontinued. The Zephyr, and its luxury variants, the Ford Zodiac and Ford Executivewere the largest passenger cars in the British Ford range from until their replacement by the Consul and Granada models in The Mark I Ford Consul and Zephyr models were first displayed at the Earls Court Motor Show in They were the first British cars to use in mass production the MacPherson Strut independent front suspension which forex widely used today. Production began with the Consul on 1 January The Mark I model ran until From April the Mark II Consul, Zephyr and Zodiac went on sale and were known as the Three Graces. The Mark II range was popular and finished its run inwhen from April that year the Mark III Zephyr 4, Zephyr 6 and Zodiac went on sale. The Consul name was dropped, the car's place in the Ford UK forex being filled by the first four-cylinder Ford Zephyr. While the Mark II Zephyr and Zodiacs had shared the same body the Consul had shorter front guards and bulkheadthe new Zodiac and Zephyrs launched in shared few body panels. With the Mark III, Ford finally sorted out problems that had beset previous models Mark I axles and Mark II gearboxes were particular weaknesses and the Mark III proved to be popular and the most durable of the range. The model sold at a rate equal to or better than the Mark II both in the UK and overseas, but was in production for a shorter time. During the last months of production, an up-market Executive version was added to the Mark III range. Although the Ford Zephyr never saw American production, a very limited number were imported into the U. The first use of the Zephyr name was in with the Lincoln-Zephyr a smaller companion to the full sized Lincoln sedan sold at the time, followed in the early s with the Mercury Zephyran upscale version of the Ford Fairmont. The Lincoln Zephyr name was resurrected for a new model in but was changed to Lincoln MKZ the following year. Like the Consul, the Zephyr came with a three-speed gear box, controlled by a column-mounted lever. The Ford Zephyr Six was available with 4-door saloon, estate and two-door convertible bodies. The convertible version was made by Carbodies and had a power-operated hood; the estate car was by Abbotts forex Farnham and was sold as the Farnham. In addition to the main British Ford factory in Dagenham, the Consul and Zephyr were assembled at Ford New Zealand's Seaview factory in Lower Hutt from CKD kits. The large Fords competed with the also locally built Vauxhall Wyvern and Velox and, later the Australian Holden. When the newly crowned Queen Elizabeth II visited New Zealand as part of a Commonwealth tour in the early s, she was pictured watching Zephyrs being built at the local Ford plant. Ina Ford Zephyr Six driven by Maurice Gatsonides won the Monte Carlo rallypushing a Jaguar Mark VII into second place in the process. Two years later a Ford Zephyr Six driven by Vic Preston Snr and D P Marwaha won the East African Safari Rally. A saloon tested by The Motor magazine in had a top speed of A fuel consumption of The Zephyr Zodiac or Zodiac Mark I was an upmarket version zodiac the Zephyr launched at the London Motor Show in autumn It had two-tone paintwork, leather trim, a heater, windscreen washers, whitewall tyres, and spot lights. The engine had a higher compression ratio — 7. There are no official records of Zephyr Zodiac convertibles being produced, but there were a few estate cars. In the Consul, Zephyr and Zodiac were all restyled. The weight distribution and turning circle were also improved. The Zodiac and Zephyr were also offered in two body styles these being the "Highline" and "Lowline", depending on the year of manufacture — the difference being 1. The "Highline" variant featured a hemispherical instrument cluster, whereas the "Lowline" had a more rectangular panel. There is no doubt that the performance of the Zephyr and the Zodiac series II models was zodiac by the rudimentary exhaust system, both the manifold assembly and the exhaust itself. The well-known Raymond Mays complete engine conversion boosted the performance figures to a top speed of mph and to As well as a 3-speed manual gearbox there was an optional overdrive and from in Forex a Borg Warner DG automatic transmission. A two-door convertible version was offered with power-operated hood. Because of the structural weaknesses inherent in the construction of convertibles, few convertibles are forex to survive. A convertible with overdrive tested by The Motor magazine in had a top speed of In Australiathe Mark II Consul, Zephyr and Zodiac were built at Ford Australia 's factory in Geelong. Sedan, coupe utilityand station wagon versions were produced. The Australian-developed Mark II Station Wagon differed from its English Estate Car counterpart in having a wind-up rear window, [9] and a straight C pillar, rather than a curved one. A handful of Station Wagons were registered inbut sales did not really commence until about halfway through Mark II manufacture continued untilin which year production switched to the assembly of Mark IIIs from imported completely knocked-down CKD kits. New Zealand assembly of the Mark II, also from CKD kits, now included the Zodiac. The big Fords from England were now offered alongside the Australian-sourced Ford Falcon and also competed with the Vauxhall Victor and Velox, Holden, and Australia's Chrysler Valiant. Supplies were restricted due to strict import licensing and demand always exceeded availability; it was not uncommon for buyers to wait two to three years for their new big Ford. The Mark II Zodiac was slightly altered to distinguish it from the lesser variants, having more elaborate tail-end styling and at the front a different grille. The auxiliary lamps and wing mirrors were deleted from the Zodiac range but it retained two-tone paint, whitewall tyres, chrome wheel-trim embellishers and gold plated badges. A car tested by the British magazine The Motor in had a top speed of Zodiac Mark II E Abbott estate. A four-speed manual gearbox, now with synchromesh on all ratios, was standard, with overdrive or automatic transmission available as options. Disc brakes were standard. The Zephyr Mark III shared some of its mechanical components, as well as the basic chassis design, with the Mark II, but had a stronger overall body construction. The exterior was designed by Canadian Roy Brown who had also designed the Edsel and the Cortinathough the rear of the body was inspired by a design proposal by Frua. Unlike the Zephyr 4, the Zephyr 6 had a full-width grille including the headlight surrounds: Only saloons and estate cars were made, the estate being a conversion by Abbotts of Farnham. Zephyr 6 Abbott estate. The Zodiac was an upmarket version of the Zephyr 6, but differed considerably from that model by the limousine-type rear doors, sharper roofline with narrower C-pillar and tail, unique grille four headlights instead of twoexclusive bumper bars, plusher seating, and up-market upholstery, dashboard and interior fittings. A choice of individual or bench front seat was available zodiac in leather or cloth. The front doors and bonnet panels were shared with the Zephyr 6. The Executive version had extra luxury fittings again. The brakes, servo assisted, use discs at the front and drum at the rear. A Mk III saloon tested by the British The Motor magazine in zodiac a top speed of A touring fuel consumption of Ford New Zealand built the Zephyr 4 and 6 as well as the Zodiac locally from CKD kits, offering only the bench front seat option finished in vinyl. Automatic transmission, introduced late in the life of the Mk II, was again available but was a rare factory option as most buyers chose manual. As well as the 'Zephyr 6', Ford NZ built a six-cylinder 'Zephyr Special' with a lower equipment level and deletion of the boot lid trim strip and other exterior brightwork which was sold to fleet operators such as the government. The big Fords were forex in having four-speed manual gearboxes when rivals, including Ford's own Falcon, had only three speeds. Building the top luxury Zodiac model locally again also gave Ford a supply advantage over key rivals such as Vauxhall whose upmarket Cresta was only ever sold fully imported and much harder to obtain than the locally assembled Velox. InFord began a complete redesign on the Zephyr, under the title of "Project Panda". As the car used the new V-series engines, the then traditional long bonnet concept created a problem until design engineer Harley Copp required that the car was both larger and had more internal space, and came up with the idea of placing the spare wheel zodiac of the radiator on an angle. The independent suspension was aided by servo-assisted disc brakes on all wheels. Criticism of the handling of early examples in the UK led to the fitting as standard of radial-ply tyres on the larger-engined version in place of the more conventional in the UK at that time cross-ply tyres with which all versions were shod at the launch, and the retro-fitting of radial-ply tyres to early examples addressed the tendency of the rear wheels to slide uncontrollably in wet weather, justifying in the process Ford's investment in a new and relatively sophisticated rear suspension arrangement for the Mark IVs. The size of the bonnet was emphasized by square cut styling of the wings. A practical use was found for some of the extra space in front of the driver: Although large, the car, at least in its Zephyr form, was not particularly luxurious. An estate version of the Zephyr Mark IV was announced just in time for the London Motor Show in Octoberthough deliveries commenced only in January Abbott Ltd of Farnhambased zodiac part finished saloons received from Ford. In November the manufacturers announced a plan to introduce an "export special" version of the Zephyr Mk IV combining the 3-litre engine of the Zodiac with other specifications largely following those of the existing Zephyr. This three-litre model was quickly adopted by Ford New Zealand which had originally launched the Mk IV Zephyr assembled locally from CKD kits with the 2. Ford New Zealand also zodiac optional floor shift and bucket seats as an alternative to the standard column shift and bench front seat and a large number forex Zephyrs were built in this form, with other modifications, for Zodiac Zealand's traffic police. The Zodiac was also again assembled in New Zealand with both bench and bucket front seats. Automatic transmission was optional with both the Zephyr and Zodiac. The local Mark IV line did not include the Zephyr Deluxe version available in the UK, was not as popular as the Mark III and was outsold by the now much wider locally built Australian Falcon range. Production ended in and the Consul and Granada replacements introduced in the UK were never officially imported into New Zealand. South African Zephyrs and Zodiacs all received the three-litre "Export" engine beginning with the model year. This also included replacing the earlier Zephyr Super with the new Zephyr de luxe, which forex the dummy grille as on European cars. Ford Zephyr 4 Mark IV: Ford also determined to widen the price gap between the Zephyr and Zodiac version. In Januaryless than a year after the car's introduction, it was announced that production of the Mark IVs was being cut back in response to poor sales. An estate version of the Zodiac Mk IV was announced at the same time as the Zephyr equivalent, and built alongside it at Farnham. The "Executive" was an upmarket version and had the highest specification offered by Ford to UK customers in the s. Automatic transmission the Zodiac's four-speed manual box with overdrive being also available as a 'no cost' option [21] along with power steering and a sunroof were standard equipment. Other standard features included; fully reclining front seats, Walnut fascia, full instrumentation, carpeting throughout, reversing lights, fog lamps, front inertia reel safety belts, and a radio. The Executive was distinguishable from other models by exterior trim and name badges on the front and rear. An automatic transmission Ford Executive was tested by Britain's Autocar magazine in From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. For other Ford-related cars called Zephyr, see Lincoln-Zephyr and Mercury Zephyr. For other uses, see zephyr disambiguation. Ford Zodiac Mark I. Ford Zephyr Mark II Convertible by Carbodies. Ford Zephyr 6 Mark IV: Complete Catalogue of British Cars. The independent front suspension is unorthodox in the modern world As on the Consul, it consists of a vertically placed sliding unit containing the coil spring and hydraulic damper. This is housed at the top end by a spherical seating forex at the lower end by a wishbone formed by one horizontal arm and the end of the anto-roll bar. The History of Ford Australia. Daily Express Review of the Motor Show. Archived from the original on October 27, Ford Zodiac 6 Mk IV". Additional Ford for export". Cape Town, South Africa: Central News Agency Ltd. Ford's Top [UK] Car, with V6 engine and automatic transmissions. Comfortable five-seater, with all independent suspension. Power steering, but handling vague. Optional radial-ply tyres give good grip. Brakes light for normal use but very heavy for emergencies. Poor town fuel consumption. Good finish and tasteful interior trim. Carrozzeria Ghia Vignale Ford of Britain Ford Germany Ford Retail Group Ford Romania. Ford SAF Ford Union. Cork Genk Halewood Southampton Trafford Park. B-Max C-Max Fiesta Focus Galaxy Ka Kuga Mondeo Mustang S-Max. A-Series Cargo Trader D-Series Transcontinental. Transit Connect Transit Custom Transit. F-Series Ranger Super Duty Transit. Model TT Model A Model AA. Elite Fairmont Granada Europe Granada North America L-Series Trucks Landau Australia Maverick North America P Pinto. Aspire Contour Cougar Crown Victoria and Police Interceptor Maverick Puma Windstar ZX2. SVT Raptor Ford Falcon Ute Australia Ford Falcon Australia Ford Territory Australia. 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Privacy policy About Wikipedia Disclaimers Contact Wikipedia Developers Cookie statement Mobile view. Ford Zephyr Mark II Saloon. Australia DagenhamUnited Kingdom New Zealand SalisburyRhodesia FMCR South Africa. Ford Consul Ford Granada. Ford Zodiac Mark III saloon E. Ford Zodiac Mark IV Saloon. Wikimedia Commons has media related to Ford Zephyr. Current Carrozzeria Ghia Vignale Ford of Britain Ford Germany Ford Retail Group Ford Romania. Current B-Max C-Max Fiesta Focus Galaxy Ka Kuga Mondeo Mustang S-Max. Minibuses Tourneo Tourneo Connect. Current Transit Connect Transit Custom Transit.
Analyse technique action du titre zodiac par boursikoter
Analyse technique action du titre zodiac par boursikoter
By the middle of the nineteenth century, advanced technology could be profitably used in countries like France with expensive energy and India with cheap labour.
By the middle of the nineteenth century, advanced technology could be profitably used in countries like France with expensive energy and India with cheap labour.
Children and teenagers are discovering their sexuality at very early ages.